Dorian vs. Ukrainian Dorian

Both of these start on C, and both are Dorian: a minor third and, unusually for a minor mode, a natural sixth.

The wheel makes the difference positional rather than verbal: the fourth-degree wedge sits one wedge further clockwise in Ukrainian Dorian, and the spoke drawn from the center recolors to the interval that degree now forms with the tonic. Everything else on the two wheels is identical.

That single degree turns a plain minor scale into something with a foot in two camps: a minor third below the raised fourth, and a major-feeling gap above it, the combination that gives Ukrainian Dorian its name and its use in Eastern European folk melodies. Reading it is one thing; the difference is much more obvious held under a drone, which is what the links under each figure are for.